In it's most basic form, this technique is actually getting quite common nowadays on highways, to alert drivers when they are going over the side line.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Musical_road

"A musical road is a road, or part of a road, which when driven over causes a tactile vibration and audible rumbling transmitted through the wheels into the car body in the form of a musical tune."

an example: https://youtu.be/y_xvfZUqAtg

it's more or less like how vinyl records work, but it looks like there are different type of musical roads. Maybe some are using different depth, so it's less 1-bit music, more like analogic recording, but I suppose it's easier to create similar depth for all the gaps, and just make the spaces between gaps to vary.

Some more informations:

http://davidsd.org/2008/12/honda-needs-a-tune-up/